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mpq4415m 1.5 a, 36v, 2.2mhz , high - efficiency , synchronous , step - down converter aec - q100 q ualified mpq4415m rev. 1.0 1 www.monolithicpower.com 1 9/30/2017 mps proprietary information. patent protected. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2017 mps. all rights reserved. description the mpq4415m is a high - frequency, synchronous, rectified, step - down , switch - mode converter with built - in power mosfets. the mpq4415m offers a very compact solution that achieve s 1.5 a of continuous output current with excellent load and line regulation over a wide input supply range. the mpq4415m uses synchronous mode operation for higher efficiency over the output current load range. current - mode operation provides fast transient response and eases loop stabilization. full protection features include over - current protection (ocp) and thermal shutdown. the mpq4415m requires a minimal number of readily available , standard , external components and is available in a space - sa ving qfn - 1 3 (2 .5 mmx3mm) package. features ? emi reduction technique ? wide 4v to 3 6 v operating input range ? 1.5a continuous load current ? 90 m/ 5 0 m low r ds(on) internal power mosfets ? high - efficiency synchronous mode operation ? default 2.2mhz switching frequency ? 45 0khz to 2.2mhz frequency sync ? forced continuous conduction mode ( ccm ) ? internal soft start (ss) ? power good (pg) indicator ? over - current protection ( ocp ) with valley - current detection and hiccup ? thermal shutdown ? output adjustable from 0.8v ? available in a qfn - 1 3 (2 .5 mmx3mm) p ackage ? cispr25 class 5 compliant ? available i n a wettable f l ank package ? available in aec - q100 grade 1 applications ? automotive ? industrial control system s ? medical and imaging equipment ? telecom applications ? distributed power systems all mps parts are lead - free, halogen free, and adhere to the rohs directive. for mps green status, please visit mps website under quality assurance. mps and the future of analog ic technology are registered t rademarks of monolithic power systems, inc. typical application m p q 4 4 1 5 m p g e n / s y n c v c c b s t s w f b e n / s y n c p g v o u t 4 v - 3 6 v p g n d a g n d
mpq4415m C 36v, 1.5a, 2.2mhz , synchronous , step - down converter mpq4415m rev. 1.0 1 www.monolithicpower.com 2 9/30/2017 mps proprietary information. patent protected. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2017 mps. all rights reserved. ordering information part number* package top marking mpq4415mgqb qfn - 13 (2.5mmx3mm) see below mpq4415mgqb - aec1 mpq4415mgqbe - aec1 ** see below * for tape & reel, add suffix C z (e . g. mp q441 5 m gq b C z) * * wettable flank top marking ( mpq4415mgqb & mpq4415mgqb - aec1 ) an m : product code of mpq4415mgqb and mpq4415mgqb - aec1 y: year code ww: week code lll: lot number top marking ( mpq4415mgqb e - aec1 ) axr : product code of mpq4415mgqb e - aec1 y: year code ww: week code lll: lot number
mpq4415m C 36v, 1.5a, 2.2mhz , synchronous , step - down converter mpq4415m rev. 1.0 1 www.monolithicpower.com 3 9/30/2017 mps proprietary information. patent protected. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2017 mps. all rights reserved. package reference top view qfn - 13 (2.5mm x 3mm) absolute maximum rat ings (1) supply voltage ( v in ) ....................... - 0.3v to 40 v switch voltage ( v sw ) ............. - 0.3v to v in + 0.3 v bst voltage ( v bs t ) ............................... v sw + 6v all o ther p ins ................................ - 0.3v to 6v (2) continuous p ower d issipation (t a = + 25 c) ( 3 ) qfn - 1 3 (2 .5 mmx3mm) ............................ 2.0 8 w junction t emperature ............................... 150 c lead t emperature ................................ .... 260 c storage t emperature .................. - 65 c to 150 c recommended operating conditions supply v oltage ( v in ) ........................... 4v to 3 6 v output v oltage ( v out ) ............... 0.8v to v in * d max operating j unction t emp . (t j ). .. - 40 c to +125 c thermal resistance ( 4 ) ja jc qfn - 1 3 (2 .5 mmx3mm) ......... 60 ....... 13 ... c/w notes: 1) absolute maximum ratings are rated under room temperature unless otherwise noted. exceeding these ratings may damage the device. 2) for details on en /sync s abs max rating, please refer to the enable/sync section on page 13 . 3) the maximum allowable power dissipation is a function of the maximum junction temperature t j (max), t he junction - to - ambient thermal resistance ja , and the ambient temperature t a . the maximum allowable continuous power dissipation at any ambient temperature is calculated by p d (max) = (t j (max) - t a )/ ja . exceeding the maximum allowable power dissipation produces an excessive die temperature, causing the regulator to go into thermal shutd own. internal thermal shutdown circuitry protects the device from permanent damage. 4) measured on jesd51 - 7, 4 - layer pcb. 2 4 5 6 7 1 0 1 2 1 3 i n e n / s y n c v c c f b p g n d p g s w n c a g n d 1 1 i n p g n d p g n d b s t 1 3 8 9
mpq4415m C 36v, 1.5a, 2.2mhz , synchronous , step - down converter mpq4415m rev. 1.0 1 www.monolithicpower.com 4 9/30/2017 mps proprietary information. patent protected. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2017 mps. all rights reserved. electrical character istics v in = 12v, v e n = 2v , t j = - 40 c to + 1 25 c, unless otherwise noted , typical values are at t j = +2 5 c . parameter symbol condition min typ max units supply c urrent ( s hutdown ) i shdn v en = 0v 8 a supply c urrent ( q uiescent ) i q v en = 2v, v fb = 1v , no switching 0. 6 0. 8 ma hs s witch on r esistance r on _ hs v bst - sw = 5v 90 155 m ls s witch on r esistance r on _ ls v cc = 5v 5 0 105 m switch l eakage i sw _ lkg v en = 0v, v sw = 12v 1 a current l imit ( 5 ) i limit 20% d uty c ycle 2 .4 4 .0 6 .0 a low - side v alley c urrent l imit 1.7 2.5 3. 5 a reverse current limit 1 .2 a oscillator f requency f sw v fb = 700m v 1800 22 00 2600 k hz fold b ack f requency during soft start ( 5 ) f fb v fb = 200 mv 0. 2 f sw maximum d uty c ycle d max v fb = 700mv 85 % minimum o n t ime ( 5 ) o n _ min 46 n s synchronous f requency r ange f sync 450 2 200 k hz feedback v oltage v fb t j = + 25 c 7 95 807 8 19 mv t j = - 40 c to +1 25 c 790 807 824 m v feedback c urrent i fb v fb = 8 2 0mv 10 50 na en /sync r ising t hreshold v en _ rising 1.1 1.45 1.8 v en /sync f alling t hreshold v en_falling 0.7 1 1.3 v en /sync t hreshold h ysteresis v en _ hys 450 mv en /sync i nput c urrent i en v en = 2v 5 10 a v en = 0 v 0 0.2 a en turn off delay 3 s v in u nder - v oltage l ockout t hreshold r ising inuv rising 3 3.5 3.8 v v in u nder - v oltage l ockout t hreshold h ysteresis inuv hys 330 mv pg r ising t hreshold pg vth _ rising as a percentage of v fb 83 88 93 % pg f alling t hreshold pg vth _ falling as a percentage of v fb 78 83 8 8 % pg t hreshold h ysteresis pg vth _ hys as a percentage of v fb 5 % pg r ising d elay pg t d _ rising 30 90 160 s pg f alling d elay pg t d _ falling 30 55 95 s pg s ink c urrent c apability v pg sink 4ma 0.4 v pg l eakage c urrent i pg _ lkg 10 100 na vcc r egulator v cc i cc = 0 ma 4.6 4.9 5.2 v vcc l oad r egulation i cc = 5ma 1 .5 4 % soft - s tart time t ss v out from 10% to 90% 0. 45 1. 5 3 ms thermal s hutdown ( 5 ) 170 c thermal h ysteresis ( 5 ) 3 0 c note : 5) derived from bench characterization. not tested in production .
mpq4415m C 36v, 1.5a, 2.2mhz , synchronous , step - down converter mpq4415m rev. 1.0 1 www.monolithicpower.com 5 9/30/2017 mps proprietary information. patent protected. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2017 mps. all rights reserved. pin functions package pin # name description 1, 2 in supply voltage. in supplies power for the internal mosfet and regulator. the mp q4415m operates from a 4 v to 36 v input rail. a low esr and low - inductance capacitor is required to decouple the input rail. place the input capacitor very close to in and connect it with wide pcb traces and multiple vias. 3 nc no connection. do not connect. 4 pg power good indicator. the output of pg is an open drain and goes high if the output voltage exceeds 88 % of the nominal voltage. 5 en/sync enable/ synchronize . pull en /sync high to enable the mpq4415m . float en /sync or connect en/sync to ground to disable the mpq4415m . if an external sync clock is applied to en/sync, the internal clock follows the sync frequency. 6 fb feedback. connect fb to the tap of an external resistor divider from the output to a gnd to set the output voltage. the frequency foldback comparator lowers the oscillator frequency when the fb voltage is below 4 00mv to prevent current limit runaway during a short - circuit fault. place the resistor divider as close to fb as possible. avoid placing vias on the fb traces. 7 vcc internal b ias s upply . decouple vcc with a 0.1 f - 0.22 f capacitor. the capacitance should be no more than 0.22 f . 8 agnd analog ground. agnd is the reference ground of the logic circuit. agnd is connected to pgnd internally. there is no need to add external connections to pgnd. 9 sw switch output. connect sw using a wide pcb trace. 10 bst bootstrap. a capacitor connected between sw and bs t is required to form a floating supply across the high - side switch driver. a 2 0 resistor placed between the sw and bst cap acitor is strongly recommended to reduce sw voltage spike s . 11, 12, 13 p gnd power ground. pgnd is the reference ground of the power device and requires careful consideration during pcb layout. for best results, connect p gnd with copper pours and vias.
mpq4415m C 36v, 1.5a, 2.2mhz , synchronous , step - down converter mpq4415m rev. 1.0 1 www.monolithicpower.com 6 9/30/2017 mps proprietary information. patent protected. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2017 mps. all rights reserved. typical characterist ics
mpq4415m C 36v, 1.5a, 2.2mhz , synchronous , step - down converter mpq4415m rev. 1.0 1 www.monolithicpower.com 7 9/30/2017 mps proprietary information. patent protected. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2017 mps. all rights reserved. typical characterist ics (continued)
mpq4415m C 36v, 1.5a, 2.2mhz , synchronous , step - down converter mpq4415m rev. 1.0 1 www.monolithicpower.com 8 9/30/2017 mps proprietary information. patent protected. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2017 mps. all rights reserved. typical performance characteristics v in = 12v, v out = 3.3 v, l = 2.2h, f sw = 2.2mhz, t a = +25c, unless otherwise noted.
mpq4415m C 36v, 1.5a, 2.2mhz , synchronous , step - down converter mpq4415m rev. 1.0 1 www.monolithicpower.com 9 9/30/2017 mps proprietary information. patent protected. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2017 mps. all rights reserved. typical performance characteristics (continued) v in = 12v, v out = 3.3 v , l = 2.2h, f sw = 2.2mhz, t a = +25c, unless otherwise noted.
mpq4415m C 36v, 1.5a, 2.2mhz , synchronous , step - down converter mpq4415m rev. 1.0 1 www.monolithicpower.com 10 9/30/2017 mps proprietary information. patent protected. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2017 mps. all rights reserved. typical performance characteristics (continued) v in = 12v, v out = 3.3 v, l = 2.2h, f sw = 2.2mhz, t a = +25c, unless otherwise noted.
mpq4415m C 36v, 1.5a, 2.2mhz , synchronous , step - down converter mpq4415m rev. 1.0 1 www.monolithicpower.com 11 9/30/2017 mps proprietary information. patent protected. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2017 mps. all rights reserved. typical performance characteristics (continued) v in = 12v, v out = 3.3v, i out = 1.5a, l = 2.2 h, f sw = 2.2mhz, with emi filters , t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted . (6) cispr25 class 5 peak radiated emissions cispr25 class 5 average radiated emissions (150khz - 30mhz) (150khz - 30mhz) cispr25 class 5 peak radiated emissions cispr25 class 5 average radiated emissions ( vertical, 30mhz - 1ghz ) ( vertical, 30mhz - 1ghz ) cispr25 class 5 peak radiated emissions cispr25 class 5 avera ge radiated emissions ( horizontal, 30mhz - 1ghz ) ( horizontal, 30mhz - 1ghz ) not e: 6) the emc test results are based on the application circuit with emi filters (see figure 10 ). -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0.15 5.15 10.15 15.15 20.15 25.15 frequency (mhz) amplitude (dbuv/m) data class 5 peak class 5 avg -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0.15 5.15 10.15 15.15 20.15 25.15 frequency (mhz) amplitude (dbuv/m) data class 5 peak class 5 avg -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 frequency (mhz) amplitude (dbuv/m) data class 5 peak class 5 avg -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 frequency (mhz) amplitude (dbuv/m) data class 5 peak class 5 avg -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 frequency (mhz) amplitude (dbuv/m) data class 5 peak class 5 avg -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 frequency (mhz) amplitude (dbuv/m) data class 5 peak class 5 avg
mpq4415m C 36v, 1.5a, 2.2mhz , synchronous , step - down converter mpq4415m rev. 1.0 1 www.monolithicpower.com 12 9/30/2017 mps proprietary information. patent protected. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2017 mps. all rights reserved. block diagram figure 1 : functional block diagram
mpq4415m C 36v, 1.5a, 2.2mhz , synchronous , step - down converter mpq4415m rev. 1.0 1 www.monolithicpower.com 13 9/30/2017 mps proprietary information. patent protected. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2017 mps. all rights reserved. operation the mpq4415m is a high - frequency, synchronous, rectified, step - down, switch - mode converter with built - in power mosfets. the mpq4415m offers a very compact solution that achieve s 1.5 a of continuous output current with excellent load and line regulation over a 4v to 36 v input supply range. the mpq4415m operates in a fixed - frequency, peak - current - control mode to regulate the outpu t voltage. an internal clock initiates a pulse - width modulation ( pwm ) cycle. the integrated high - side power mosfet (hs - fet) turns on and remains on until the current reaches the value set by the comp voltage (v comp ) . when the power switch is off, it remains off until the next clock cycle begins . if the current in the power mosfet does not reach the value set by v comp within 8 5 % of one pwm period, the power mosfet is forced off. internal regulator a 4. 9 v internal regu lator power most of the internal circuitries. this regulator takes v in as the input and operates in the full v in range . when v in exceeds 4. 9 v, the output of the regulator is in full regulation . when v in falls below 4. 9 v, the output decreases following v in . a 0.1 f decoupling ceramic capacitor is required at vcc. continuous conduction mode ( ccm ) operation the mp q4415m uses continuous conduction modulation ( cc m ) mode to ensure that the part work s with a fixed frequency from a no - load to a full - load range. t he advantage of ccm is the controllable frequency and lower output ripple at light load. frequency fold back the mp q4415m enters frequency foldback w hen the input voltage is higher than about 21v. the frequency decrease s to half the nominal value and chan ges to 1.1mhz. frequency foldback also occurs during soft start and short - circuit protection. error amplifier (ea) the error amplifier (ea) compares the fb voltage to the internal 0.8 07 v reference ( v ref ) and outputs a current proportional to the difference between the two. this output current then charges or discharges the internal compensation network to form v comp , which controls the power mosfet current. the optimized internal compensation network minimizes the exter nal component count and simplifies the control loop design. under - voltage lockout (uvlo) under - voltage lockout (uvlo) protects the chip from operating at an insufficient supply voltage. the uvlo comparator monitors the output voltage of the internal regula tor ( vcc ) . the uvlo rising threshold is about 3.5 v with a 330m v hysteresis . enable/sync en /s ync is a control pin that turns the regulator on and off. drive en /sync high to turn on the regulator ; drive en/sync low to turn off the regulator . an internal 500k ? resistor from en /s ync to gnd allows en /s ync to be floated to shut down the chip. en /s ync is clamped internally using a 6.5v series zener diode (see figure 2 ) . connecting t he en /sync input through a pull - up resistor to the voltage on v in limits the en input current to less than 100a. for example, with 12v connected to v in , r pullup (12v - 6.5v) 100a = 55k?. connecting en /s ync to a voltage source directly without a pull - up resistor requires limiting the amplitude of the voltage source to 6v to prevent damage to the zener diode. figure 2 : 6.5v zener diode connection connect an external clock with a range of 450khz to 2.2mhz to synchronize the internal clock rising edge to the external clock rising edge. the pulse width of the external clock signal should be below 350n s ; t he off time of the external clock signa l should be below 1.9 s .
mpq4415m C 36v, 1.5a, 2.2mhz , synchronous , step - down converter mpq4415m rev. 1.0 1 www.monolithicpower.com 14 9/30/2017 mps proprietary information. patent protected. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2017 mps. all rights reserved. internal soft start (ss) soft start (ss) prevents the converter output voltage from overshooting during start - up. when the chip starts up , the inte rnal circuitry generates a soft - start voltage ( v ss ). when v ss is lower than the internal reference ( v ref ) , v ss overrides v ref , so the error amplifier uses v ss as the reference. when v ss exceeds v ref , the error amplifier uses v ref as the reference. the ss time is set to 1. 5 ms i nternally. power good (pg) the mpq4415m has a power good (pg) indicat or . pg is the open drain of a mosfet and should be connect ed to vcc or an other voltage source through a resistor (e.g. : 100k?). in the presence of an input voltage, the mosfet turns on , and pg is pulled low before ss is ready. after v fb reaches 88 % x v ref , pg is pulled high a fter a typical 9 0s delay. when v fb drops to 8 3 % x v ref , pg is pulled low . pg is also pulled low if thermal shutdown occurs or en /sync is pulled low. over - current protection (ocp) and hiccup the mp q4415m has cycle - by - cycle peak current - limit protection and valley - current detection protection. the inductor current is monitored during the hs - fet on - state. if the inductor current exceeds the current - limit value set by the comp high - clamp voltage, the hs - fet turns off immediately. then the low - sid e mosfet (ls - fet) turns on to discharge the energy, and the inductor current decreases. the hs - fet remains off unless the inductor valley current is lower than a certain current threshold (the valley current limit), even though the internal clock pulses hi gh. if the inductor current does n o t drop below the valley current limit when the internal clock pulses high, the hs - fet miss es the clock, and the switching frequency decrease s to half the nominal value. both the peak and valley current limits assist in ke eping the inductor current from running away during an overload or short - circuit condition. if the output voltage drops below the under - voltage (uv) threshold ( typically 50% below the reference ) , the peak current limit is kicked s imultaneously , then the mp q4415m enters hiccup mode to restart the part periodically. this protection mode is useful when the output is dead - shorted to ground and reduces the average short - circuit current greatly to alleviate thermal issues and protect the regulator. the mp q4415m exits hiccup mode once the over - current condition is removed. thermal shutdown thermal shutdown prevents the chip from operating at exceedingly high temperatures. when the die temperature exceed s 1 7 0c, the entire chip shuts down . when the temperature drops below its lower threshold ( typicall y 1 4 0 c) , the chip is enabled again. floating driver and bootstrap charging an external bootstrap capacitor powers the floating power mosfet driver. the floating driver has its own uvlo protect ion with a rising threshold of 2.2v and hysteresis of 150mv. a dedicated internal regulator charges and regulates the bootstrap capacitor voltage to ~ 5 v (see figure 3 ). when the voltage between the bst and sw nodes drops below regulation, a pmos pass trans istor connected from v in to bst turns on. the charging current path is from v in to bst and then to sw. the external circuit should provide enough voltage headroom to facilitate charging. as long as v in is higher than sw significantly, the bootstrap capacitor remains charged. when the hs - fet is on, v in v sw , so the bootstrap capacitor cannot be charge d . when the ls - fet is o n, v in - v sw reaches its maximum for fast charging. when there is no inductor current, v sw = v out , so the difference between v in and v out can charge the bootstrap capacitor. a 2 0 resistor placed between the sw and bst cap acitor is strongly recommended to reduce sw voltage spike s . figure 3 : internal bootstrap charging circuit
mpq4415m C 36v, 1.5a, 2.2mhz , synchronous , step - down converter mpq4415m rev. 1.0 1 www.monolithicpower.com 15 9/30/2017 mps proprietary information. patent protected. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2017 mps. all rights reserved. start - up and shutdown if both v in and en /sync exceed their thresholds, the chip starts up. the reference block starts first, generating a stable reference voltage and current , and then t he internal regulator is enabled. the regulator provides a stable supply for the remaining circuitries. three events can shut down the chip: v in low, en /sync low, and thermal shutdown. during the shutdown procedure, the signaling path is blocked first to avoid any fault triggering. v comp and the internal supply rail are then pulled down. the floating driver is not subject to this shutdown command.
mpq4415m C 36v, 1.5a, 2.2mhz , synchronous , step - down converter mpq4415m rev. 1.0 1 www.monolithicpower.com 16 9/30/2017 mps proprietary information. patent protected. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2017 mps. all rights reserved. application informat io n setting the output voltage the external resistor divider connected to fb sets the output voltage ( see figure 4) . the feedback resistor ( r1 ) also sets the feedback loop bandwidth with the internal compensation capacitor. choose r fb1 to be around 40 k when v out ? 1v. r fb 2 can then be calculated with equation (1) : (1) the t - type network is highly recommended when v out is low (see figure 4). figure 4 : t - type feedback network r t + r fb 1 is used to set the loop bandwidth. the low er r t + r fb 1 is , the high er the bandwidth. however, a high bandwidth may cause an insufficient phase margin, resulting in loop instability . therefore, a proper r t value is required to make a trade - off between the bandwidth and phase margin. table 1 list s the recommended feedback resistor and r t values for common output voltages. table 1 : resistor selection for common output v out (v) r fb 1 (k?) r fb 2 (k?) r t (k?) 3.3 41.2 (1%) 13 (1%) 20 (1%) 5 41.2 (1%) 7.68 (1%) 20 (1%) selecting the input capacitor the input current to the step - down converter is discontinuous and therefore requires a capacitor to supply ac current to the converter while maintaining the dc input voltage. f or the best performance , u se low esr capacitors. c eramic capacitors with x5r or x7r dielectrics are highly recommended because of their low esr an d small temperature coefficients. f or most application s , use a 4.7 f to 10 f capacito r. it is strongly recommended to use another lower - value capacitor (e.g. : 0.1 f) with a small package size (0603) to absorb high - frequency switching noise. place the small er capacitor as close to in and gnd as possible. since c in absorbs the input switching current, it requires an adequate ripple current rating. the rms current in the input capacitor can be estimated with equation (2) : (2) the wors t - case condition occurs at v in = 2v out , shown in equation (3) : (3) for simplification, choose an input capacitor with an rms current rating greater than half of the maximum load current. the input capacitor can be electrolytic, tantalum , or ceramic. when using electrolytic or tantalum capacitors, add a small, high - quality ceramic capacitor (e.g. : 0.1f) as close to the ic as possible. when using ceramic capacitors, en sure that they have enough capacitance to provide a sufficient charge to prevent excessive voltage ripple at input. the input voltage ripple caused by the capacitance can be estimated with equation (4) : (4) selecting the output capacitor the output capacitor maintains the dc o utput voltage. use ceramic, tantalum, or low esr electrolytic capacitors. for best results, use low esr capacitors to keep the output voltage ripple low. the output voltage ripple can be estimated with equation (5) : (5) where l is the inductor value , and r esr is the equivalent series resistance (esr) value of the output capacitor. r fb 2 r fb 1 r t fb v out 1 0.807v v r r out fb1 fb2 ? ? ? ? ? ? out out cin load in in vv i i (1 ) vv ? load cin i i 2 ? ? ? ? ? ? load out out in sw in in in i v v v (1 ) f c v v ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? out out out esr sw in sw out vv 1 v (1 ) (r ) f l v 8f c
mpq4415m C 36v, 1.5a, 2.2mhz , synchronous , step - down converter mpq4415m rev. 1.0 1 www.monolithicpower.com 17 9/30/2017 mps proprietary information. patent protected. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2017 mps. all rights reserved. for ceramic capacitors, the capacitance dominates the impedance at the switching frequency, and the capacitance causes the majori ty of the output voltage ripple. for simplification, the output voltage ripple can be estimated with equation (6) : (6) for tantalum or electrolytic capacitors, the esr dominates the impedance at the switching frequency. for simplification, the output ripple can be approximated with equation (7) : (7) the characteristics of the output capacitor also affect the stability of the regulation system. the mpq4415m can be optimized for a wide range of capacitance and esr values. selecting the inductor a 1h to 10h inductor with a dc current rating at least 25% higher than the maximum load current is recommended for most applications. for higher efficiency , choose an inductor with a lower dc resistance. a larger - value inductor results in less ripple current and a lower outpu t ripple voltage , but also has a larger physical size, higher series resistance, and lower saturation current. a good rule for determining the inductor value is to allow the inductor ripple current to be approximately 30% of the maximum load current. the i nductance value can then be calculated with equation ( 8 ): ( 8 ) where ? i l is the peak - t o - peak inductor ripple current. choose the inductor ripple current to be approximately 30% o f the maximum load current . the maximum inductor peak current can be calculated with equation ( 9 ): ( 9 ) v in uvlo setting the mpq4415m has an internal , fixed , under - voltage lock out (uvlo) threshold . the rising threshold is 3.5 v , while the falling threshold is about 3. 17 v. for application s that require a higher uvlo point, an external resistor divider between i n and e n /sync can be used to achieve a higher equivalent uvlo threshold (see f igure 5) . figure 5: adjustable uvlo using en divider t he uvlo threshold can be calculated with e quation (10) and equation (11) : ( 10 ) ( 11 ) where v en_rising = 1.4 5 v, and v en_falling = 1v. w hen choos ing r up , en sure that it is large enough to limit the current flow ing into en /sync be low 100 a. bst resistor and external bst diode a 20 resistor in series with the bst capacitor is recommended to reduce sw voltage spike s . a higher resistance is better for sw spike reduction, but also compromise s efficiency . an external bst diode can enhance the efficiency of the regulator when the duty cycle is high (>65%). a power supply between 2.5v and 5v can be used to power the external bootstrap diode . v cc or v out is recommended for this power supply in the circuit ( see figure 6) . ? ? ? ? ? ? ? out out out 2 sw out in vv v (1 ) 8 f l c v ? ? ? ? ? ? out out out esr sw in vv v (1 ) r f l v ? ? ? ?? out out sw l in vv l (1 ) f i v ? ? ? ? ? out out lp load sw in vv i i (1 ) 2f l v up rising en_rising down down r inuv (1 ) v 500k*r 500k+r ? ? ? up falling en_falling down down r inuv (1 ) v 500k*r 500k+r ? ? ?
mpq4415m C 36v, 1.5a, 2.2mhz , synchronous , step - down converter mpq4415m rev. 1.0 1 www.monolithicpower.com 18 9/30/2017 mps proprietary information. patent protected. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2017 mps. all rights reserved. figure 6 : optional external bootstrap diode to enhance efficiency the recommended external bst diode is in4 148, and the recommended bst capacitor value is 0.1f to 1f. pc b layout guidelines ( 7 ) efficient pcb layout , especially regarding input capacitor placement , is critical for stable operation. a four - layer layout is strongly recommended to achieve better thermal performance. for best results, refer to figure 7 and follow the guidelines below . 1. use a large ground plane to connect directly to pgnd. if the bottom layer is a ground plane, add vias near pgnd. 2. ensure that the high - current paths at gnd and in have short, direct, and wide traces. 3. place the ceramic inp ut capacitor , especially the small - size d input bypass capacitor (0603) , as close to in and pgnd as possible to minimize high - frequency no is e . 4. keep the connection of the input capacitor and in as short and wide as possible. 5. place the vcc capacitor to vcc a nd a gnd as close as possible. 6. route sw and bst away from sensitive analog areas such as fb. 7. place the feedback resistors close to the chip to ensure that the trace connect ing to fb i s as short as possible . 8. use multiple vias to connect the power planes to internal layers . note : 7) the recommended layout is based on figure 8. top layer inner layer 1 inner layer 2 bottom layer figure 7 : recommended pcb layout c bst c out l bst sw external bst diode 1 n 4148 vcc / v out vcc v out r bst
mpq4415m C 36v, 1.5a, 2.2mhz , synchronous , step - down converter mpq4415m rev. 1.0 1 www.monolithicpower.com 19 9/30/2017 mps proprietary information. patent protected. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2017 mps. all rights reserved. typical application circuits figure 8 : v out = 3.3 v, i out = 1. 5 a figure 9 : v out = 5 v, i out = 1. 5 a 1 0 f c 1 a 0 . 1 f c 1 c 1 m r 1 0 . 1 f c 3 2 0 r 2 2 . 2 h l 1 4 7 f c 4 3 . 3 v / 1 . 5 a 2 0 k r 3 e n / s y n c v o u t 1 0 f c 1 b s w 9 e n / s y n c 5 i n 1 , 2 f b 6 v c c 7 b s t 1 0 p g n d 1 1 , 1 2 , 1 3 p g 4 u 1 0 . 1 f c 2 1 0 0 k r 6 p g g n d 1 3 k r 4 v i n g n d 4 v - 3 6 v m p q 4 4 1 5 m 3 n c a g n d 8 4 1 . 2 k r 5 1 0 f c 1 a 0 . 1 f c 1 c 1 m r 1 0 . 1 f c 3 2 0 r 2 2 . 2 h l 1 4 7 f c 4 5 v / 1 . 5 a 2 0 k r 3 e n / s y n c v o u t 1 0 f c 1 b s w 9 e n / s y n c 5 i n 1 , 2 f b 6 v c c 7 b s t 1 0 p g n d 1 1 , 1 2 , 1 3 p g 4 u 1 0 . 1 f c 2 1 0 0 k r 6 p g g n d 7 . 6 8 k r 4 v i n g n d 4 v - 3 6 v m p q 4 4 1 5 m 3 n c a g n d 8 4 1 . 2 k r 5
mpq4415m C 36v, 1.5a, 2.2mhz , synchronous , step - down converter mpq4415m rev. 1.0 1 www.monolithicpower.com 20 9/30/2017 mps proprietary information. patent protected. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2017 mps. all rights reserved. figure 10 : v out = 3.3 v, i out = 1. 5 a, with emi f ilters 1 0 f c 1 a 0 . 1 f c 1 c 1 m r 1 0 . 1 f c 3 2 0 r 2 2 . 2 h l 2 4 7 f c 4 3 . 3 v / 1 . 5 a 2 0 k r 3 e n / s y n c v o u t 1 0 f c 1 b s w 9 e n / s y n c 5 i n 1 , 2 f b 6 v c c 7 b s t 1 0 p g n d 1 1 , 1 2 , 1 3 p g 4 u 1 0 . 1 f c 2 1 0 0 k r 6 p g g n d 1 3 k r 4 m p q 4 4 1 5 m 3 n c a g n d 8 4 1 . 2 k r 5 v i n v e m i g n d 1 2 0 6 f b 1 2 . 2 u h l 1 4 v - 3 6 v c i n 1 1 n f c i n 2 1 0 n f c i n 3 1 u f c i n 4 1 0 u f c i n 5 1 0 u f c 5 l 3 1 5 0 n h 1 n f
mpq4415m C 36v, 1.5a, 2.2mhz , synchronous , step - down converter mpq4415m rev. 1.0 1 www.monolithicpower.com 21 9/30/2017 mps proprietary information. patent protected. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2017 mps. all rights reserved. package information qfn - 1 3 (2 .5 mm x3mm) non - wettable flank s i d e v i e w b o t t o m v i e w n o t e : 1 ) a l l d i m e n s i o n s a r e i n m i l l i m e t e r s . 2 ) l e a d c o p l a n a r i t y s h a l l b e 0 . 1 0 m i l l i m e t e r s m a x . 3 ) j e d e c r e f e r e n c e i s m o - 2 2 0 . 4 ) d r a w i n g i s n o t t o s c a l e . p i n 1 i d m a r k i n g t o p v i e w p i n 1 i d i n d e x a r e a r e c o m m e n d e d l a n d p a t t e r n p i n 1 i d 0 . 1 5 x 4 5 o t y p 0 . 1 5 x 4 5 o
mpq4415m C 36v, 1.5a, 2.2mhz , synchronous , step - down converter notice: the information in this document is subject to change without notice. please contact mps for current specifications. users should warrant and guarantee that third party intellectual property rights are not infringed upon when integrating mps products into any application. mps will not assume any legal responsibility for any said applications. mpq4415m rev. 1.0 1 www.monolithicpower.com 22 9/30/2017 mps proprietary information. patent protected. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2017 mps. all rights reserved. package information qfn - 1 3 (2 .5 mmx3mm) wettable flank s i d e v i e w b o t t o m v i e w n o t e : 1 ) t h e l e a d s i d e i s w e t t a b l e . 2 ) a l l d i m e n s i o n s a r e i n m i l l i m e t e r s . 3 ) l e a d c o p l a n a r i t y s h a l l b e 0 . 0 8 m i l l i m e t e r s m a x . 4 ) j e d e c r e f e r e n c e i s m o - 2 2 0 . 5 ) d r a w i n g i s n o t t o s c a l e . p i n 1 i d m a r k i n g t o p v i e w p i n 1 i d i n d e x a r e a r e c o m m e n d e d l a n d p a t t e r n p i n 1 i d 0 . 1 5 x 4 5 o t y p 0 . 1 5 x 4 5 o s e c t i o n a - a

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